Explanation as to why projects fail Essay Example for Free

Clarification with respect to why activities bomb Essay Absence of staff aptitude Having the correct individuals from staff is extremely pivotal when running an undertaking. Task troughs must be incredibly cautious while utilizing individuals from staff, employing individuals that don't have the foggiest idea how to utilize apparatuses during the advancement of a venture can bring about time utilization. Going over the spending plan If the undertaking supervisor squanders more cash then vital, at that point how their task going to have the option to proceed, by what method will individuals from staff get paid, and where are they going to get the cash for the instruments that are required. Task chiefs need to consistently be watchful about how much cash is being spent and to consistently monitor their financial plan and abstain from going through an excessive amount of cash. Inadequate subtleties from customer It is critical for the task chief to discover whatever number subtleties as could reasonably be expected so as to make the item for them. In the event that there are insufficient subtleties and the item is made, the customer may not be fulfilled and subsequently the task has flopped just as the venture administrator. There are extends out there that don't give enough prerequisites which have prompted situations where the designers of the task having no contribution from the customer, and make an undertaking that they accept is required without them knowing the slightest bit about the business itself. At the point when the undertaking has then been given to the customer, business clients will at that point say that it doesn't do what is should have been finished. This is additionally associated with an absence of client contribution; a client needs to consistently know precisely what they need and can determine it definitely. Insufficient legitimate chance to research and plan Before any venture begins, arranging needs to consistently be occurred so as to get ready for the unforeseen so we can respond speedier limiting any issues however much as could be expected. However, on the off chance that insufficient time has been given to appropriately plan and furthermore to inquire about an item, that will just build the danger of the undertaking coming up short. Utilizing an inappropriate sort of instruments There are a wide range of sorts of virtual products that can be utilized for a wide range of sorts of things. Utilizing an inappropriate programming can be practically outlandish or hard to do the undertaking. For instance to make a spreadsheet, Microsoft Excel will be required. In any case, on the off chance that Microsoft FrontPage is given, at that point it is difficult to make the spreadsheet in light of the fact that FrontPage is utilized to make sites and WebPages, not spreadsheets. They can over-run (passed the cutoff time) If a venture has passed its cutoff time, it has fizzled and the customer will most likely not have the option to manage the cost of the undertaking any more and will end the task. Activities can pass the cutoff time essentially on the grounds that specific issues may have been hard to survive and in this manner tedious. Different things can likewise incorporate individuals from staff not working all day or not working appropriately in the undertaking. Poor correspondence People need to speak with one another so as to realize what's going on and what is happening. In the event that individuals don't speak with one another, at that point how they will know whether they are doing everything in the right request and if everything is working consummately with the goal for them to proceed. It is critical that individuals from staff reveal to one another when to apply certain things or when to begin making small amounts so as to make the undertaking. Absence of User Involvement Everyone that has been recruited to do the undertaking must consistently be included with the goal that task can run as easily as arranged. An absence of client association can end up being deadly for any sort of task. Each client must be included in any case no one in the business will be focused on a framework and might be additionally threatening to it. So as to have a fruitful task each and every client must be included from the beginning of the venture and keep on being required all through the entire turn of events. Changes in the prerequisites. While a task is being created, what can in some cases happen is that the customer can out of nowhere choose to add more subtleties to the creation of the undertaking, in light of this incident numerous activities has flopped essentially on the grounds that there was not sufficient opportunity to complete the venture because of the measure of time that it took to include those additional subtleties. Long or Unrealistic Time periods Sometimes customers give venture chiefs a ludicrous measure of time to complete a task when it is incomprehensible in light of the fact that there perhaps scarcely any individuals from staff, or insufficient cash to pay for instruments that are expected to make the undertaking. Undertaking chiefs need to design cautiously how much time is expected to make an entire task, an administrator should take in thought how much individuals from staff are required and for how much time. Supervisors need to likewise know about any unreasonable timeframes, for instance for an item to show up or a particular instrument or programming. Trusting that instruments will be conveyed could take possibly more than seven days which could have an effect over the entire venture. It is suggested that venture chiefs survey all undertaking plans so they will have the option to check whether they are largely reasonable before they continue with anything. Poor Testing People that are creating activities should cautiously test them and furthermore test to check whether it meets the business prerequisites. In any case, testing can in some cases fall flat due to numerous deficiencies, these can include:  Poor prerequisites  Tests not done appropriately or not in any manner  Trained clients that don't have the foggiest idea about the reason for the framework  Insufficient time to perform tests as the venture is late Bad choices being settled on This can include wrong choices that have been made by the undertaking supervisor. Terrible choices can typically occur if no arranging has occurred and the venture supervisor gets things done with no importance or considering it, administrators should cautiously settle on any choice. A case of this could be employing more staff at that point required or purchasing more virtual products at that point required for the task. Reference subtleties: http://www. adaptivepartners. com/projfailb. htm 22/09/09 http://www. coleyconsulting. co. uk/disappointment. htm 22/09/09 http://www. carlosconsulting. com/downloads/Reasons_why_projects_fail. pdf 06/10/09.

Create my own exam Math Problem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Make my own test - Math Problem Example A line going through the focal point of a circle is the width of the circle (Mosteller 109). On the off chance that at least two measurements are in a similar circle, at that point every one of them are equivalent long independent of their position. Along these lines, if the different sides from the two triangles that go through the center of the circle were taken as o for Triangle An and x for triangle B, at that point o will be equivalent to x. The side will likewise be the longest on either triangle. In the condition o + p + q = x + y + z we can wipe out o and x since they drop each other remembering that o = x, consequently we will be left to demonstrate that p + q = y + z. To demonstrate this we will initially need to distinguish the edges shaped by the two triangles. In the event that triangle A has points O, P, Q where edge P and Q join sides p and q to side o individually, at that point edge O is inverse to side o. Then again, triangle B has points X, Y, Z where by edge X is inverse to side x and edges Y and Z join sides y and z to side x separately. In the event that we start with the two triangles as isosceles triangles, at that point sides p + q = y + z in light of the fact that for the two triangles the more extended side is equivalent (Kac and Ulam 167). If the state of either triangle changes then the accompanying, changes will likewise occur. Let us start with triangle An, an adjustment looking like the triangle from an isosceles triangle an unpredictable triangle this will cause edge O to increment. The change will likewise be related with change long of side p and q, where with each expansion in side p side q will be along these lines diminishing and the other way around. The complete length of the different sides will be kept up that is p + q for all the progressions will continue as before. In triangle B a similar standard will likewise apply with the end goal that an adjustment looking like the triangle from an isosceles triangle to a sporad ic triangle at that point edge X will be expanding and an expansion in side y will prompt a diminishing in side z and the other way around. The all out length for this situation will be kept up that is to state that y + z will continue as before fit as a fiddle the triangle changes. Since p + q = y + z for the isosceles triangle then a similar rule will apply for an adjustment fit as a fiddle of the triangles. Hypothesis 2 If a square shape is drawn inside a chessboard with its sides corresponding to the sides of the chessboard, at that point the quantity of complete dim squares won't be equivalent to the quantity of light squares secured by the square shape. That is if the square shape covers m complete dim squares and n complete light squares then m ? n. Observing that not really that all the squares secured by the square shape will be finished. Confirmation: Suppose we take a chessboard (which is square fit as a fiddle) with sides C and D where C = D and inside the chessboard the re are ‘n’ equivalent squares, which are made of one unit of each side, in this way n = C ? D (Garder 510). The dim squares are signified by b and the light squares indicated as w. A square shape with length J and width K is drawn inside the chessboard where the side J is corresponding to C and K is corresponding to D. Further, J ought not be equivalent to C and K ought not be equivalent to D, which means the square shape is littler than the chessboard and there ought to be no three sides of the square shape contacting the sides of the chessboard. On the off chance that the square shape is attracted to fit precisely two units of C and one unit of D then the square shape will

The Spotlight Effect and Social Anxiety

The Spotlight Effect and Social Anxiety Social Anxiety Disorder Symptoms Print The Spotlight Effect and Social Anxiety Not Everyone Is Staring at You By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Updated on December 07, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Getty / Yuval Navot / EyeEm The spotlight effect is a term used by social psychologists to refer to the tendency we have to overestimate how much other people notice about us. In other words, we tend to think there is a spotlight on us at all times, highlighting all of our mistakes or flaws, for all the world to see. For people with social anxiety, the spotlight effect can be much worse, to the point that it has an effect on your ability to work or feel comfortable around other people. What Does the Spotlight Effect Feel Like? It is not uncommon to find yourself feeling embarrassed. However, for people with social anxiety, this feeling can be overemphasized. For example, if you wake up late and go to work with disheveled hair, you may be convinced that everyone is noticing and secretly thinking badly of you. You may blush or try to hide from your coworkers, convinced that they are pitying or mocking you. It is believed that the spotlight effect comes from being overly self-conscious as well as not being able to put yourself in the shoes of the other person to realize that their perspective is different from yours. How Does the Spotlight Effect Worsen Social Anxiety? All people, but especially those with social anxiety, are very focused on themselves, their actions, and their appearance and believe that everyone else is just as aware. Being aware of the spotlight effect can help to lessen nervousness or embarrassment  in social situations. If you can get to the point that you realize nobody is really paying attention to you, then you will stop worrying so much about it. However, for those with social anxiety, it can be much more difficult to recognize this fact and overcome anxiety linked to the spotlight effect.   Social anxiety is much more than just nervousness. It reflects differences in brain activity and reactions to your environment. With social anxiety, you may know that your feelings are irrational, but you cant change how you feel. An Overview of Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment The spotlight effect can be debilitating if you have social anxiety, making every situation more fear-inducing and intimidating. However, symptoms of social anxiety, including the spotlight effect, can be treated with a combination of therapy and medications. Cognitive behavioral therapy with a therapist specializing in social anxiety can help you correct your negative thought patterns. Some medications, such as antidepressants,  may be prescribed to help you ward off feelings of dread, helplessness, and doubt. You can also practice exercises learned in therapy to help you manage your daily activities, giving you more confidence and fewer feelings of embarrassment.   Tips for Overcoming a Fear of Being the Center of Attention Overcoming the Spotlight Effect on Your Own One way to work on overcoming the spotlight effect is to test your belief that other people are noticing and evaluating you. To do this, its helpful to understand a concept identified through research termed the illusion of transparency, which asserts that people tend to think that their internal state is visible to others when it truly is not. While it may feel as though everyone knows what you are thinking about yourself, in actuality nobody has this ability to read your mind. You can overcome the spotlight effect by focusing your attention outward and noticing other peoples reactions to you. This will both help you to stop focusing inward on your anxiety, as well as notice how little other people are actually paying attention to you. Once you can see that people really are all caught up in their own situations, it will become easier to imagine that the spotlight is not shining on you and highlighting your flaws. The Best Self-Help Strategies for Social Anxiety Disorder Research A 1999 study showed that the spotlight effect was specific to social-evaluative concerns whereas the illusion of transparency was related to more general social anxiety. This suggests that in situations in which you perceive that you are being evaluated, or where there is pressure for others to like you, the spotlight effect may be more of a concern. A Word From Verywell If you find yourself grappling with nervousness or shame on a regular basis, talk with a therapist or your doctor to discuss potential treatment options, including talk therapy and medication. With intervention from a trained professional, you can be empowered to manage social anxiety and lead a richer life.

Violence Against Women In Music Essay - 1002 Words

Violence Against Women In Music nbsp; Particularly distressing in todays society is the level of dysfunctional relationships. Values considered outdated and baseless, such as mutual respect, consideration for another persons feelings, and common courtesy, are becoming extinct human customs. Especially troubling are the violent misogynous messages infused in hard-core rock and rap music and their negative effects on todays youth. nbsp; Healthy relationships of mutual love, respect, and compromise between men and women of all races and social classes are instrumental to a sane and stable society. Respect and reverence for mother, sister, wife, and daughter as the nurtures of civilization are key to our survival as a species.†¦show more content†¦Rock groups such as Smashing Pumpkins and Soundgarden have express their music in the light of positive influences, stressing communication and cooperation in dealing with lifes problems. nbsp; Other varieties of hard-core rock and rap have accentuated vulgar messages of violent encounters with women, often depicting debasing sexual acts. Advertisements for hard core rap and rock usually portray women compromising their dignity: models scantily dressed and displayed in sexually submissive positions. The verbal messages are equally destructive, debasing women as nothing more than sexual objects to be abused and degraded. nbsp; Do recording industry promoters and producers have a moral obligation to deny the marketing of socially debasing music? Should the Supreme Court be only a barometer by which generally accepted values are challenged by new forms of expression? Censorship of ideas is unconstitutional under First Amendment rights, and music has always been a reflection of the human conditions which exist. But there is a clear moral statement not to accept the post hoc, ergo propter hoc supposition. Women shouldnt tolerate or condone music which debases their character or dignity. I was astonished that as many women as men sought after Snoop Doggy Dogs music, which depicts women as debasedShow MoreRelatedMisogyny Of Hip Hop : The Solution1564 Words   |  7 Pagestoday’s society many individuals listen to music. With so many different genres to choose from in the music industry, one of the most popular genres of music is Hip Hop. With the constant urge for new artists, lyrics, and rap styles, it seems as though Hip Hop is the holy grail of music. One of the main problems with Hip Hop is the misogyny of women. Adams and Fuller (2006) define misogyny as the â€Å"hatred or disdain of women† and â€Å"an ideology that reduces women to objects for men’s ownership, use, orRead MoreIntroduction / Purpose Of The Study. This Study Examined1555 Words   |  7 PagesStudy This study examined the culture of violent lyrics in music and how misogynistic lyrical messages influence young men’s attitudes toward dating violence and their perception of women. Today, information is shared at an instant. Technology in our hand held devices allows us to download the latest music within seconds of pushing play. Social media avenues like YouTube, Facebook, and Instagram allow music artist to upload the music they make and share it with the world with no filter on whatRead MorePornography And The Music World1415 Words   |  6 PagesPornography in the Music World During the Salem Witch Trials in the late 17th century men and women guilty of witchcraft were often chained, whipped, beaten, tortured and degraded publicly. All of these practices are incredibly dehumanizing, and have since long been retired as a means of punishment, however they are rising in popularity in the world of pornography, advertising and music. Fifty Shades of Grey was the 16th top grossing with a theme of aggressive sex, and songs such as Rihanna’s â€Å"SM†Read MoreHip Hop And Rap Hop901 Words   |  4 PagesSelf-Destruction by KRS-One and the Stop the Violence Movement, Push It by Salt-N-Pepa, I’m Bad by LL Cool J, Fight The Power by Public Enemy, Straight Out Of Compton by NWA. The 5 top ten from 2015 are Know Yourself by Drake, Trap Queen by Fetty Wap, Alright by Kendrick Lamar, Blessings by Big Sean Featuring Drake, and Feeling Myself by Nicki Minaj featuring Beyoncà ©. In my opinion, there is a very distinct difference between Hip Hop and Rap and it is definitely heard in the music throughout the decades. HipRead MoreRape And Sexual Assault On College Campuses919 Words   |  4 Pagesform of sexual assault) are legally identified as â€Å"sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual action perpetrated against a person without that person s consent† (H.R. Title 10 - Armed Forces 466). Now, in regards to why these individuals inflict these actions are summed up within the same U.S code in that they may be carried out by â€Å"physical force, coercion, abuse of authority, or against a person who is incapable of valid consent† (H.R. Title 10 - Armed Forces 467). In today’s society, rape and sexualRead MoreThe Effects Of Rap Music On Social Behavior Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesIn society today, it is highly noticed that the role of rap music messages and video images of violence causes an increase in negative emotions, thoughts and behaviors which could lead to violence amongst youth. Rap music has been at the center of concern in regards to the potential harmful effect of violent media on social behavior amongst youth. This potential behavior could be seen in the music video titled â€Å"Kim† by Eminem. In this music video, the storyline, language and sound encourages hostileRead MoreRap Hop And Hip Hop Culture1550 Words   |  7 PagesMost hip hop songs and videos have lyrics and scenes that demean and humiliate women. Showing scenes of violence to women, demeaning them and depicting them as sex objects or subjects of submission to men is Misogyny. Present also is brutality against women descriptions. There have been voluminous scholars talking about it yet the argument is unquenched. Misogyny in hip hop society has its core deep in the American ethos, and it has its outcome on the same nation. Misogyny in songs is taking ringRead MorePositive And Negative Effects Of Rap Music1124 Words   |  5 PagesMusic, does it have a positive or negative effect on teens? T his is a well-known topic parents discuss to see if a change is needed in their teens life. That change is positive or negative music. Music itself has no real effect until someone decides to listen to it and from there, the person listening to the lyric, beat, and tone deciphers the meaning of the song for themselves. Teens and parents will have differences from each other because they are not the same person. So, to see if a song hasRead MoreMisogyny Hip Hop W Sources Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagesobjectification, exploitation or victimization of women. Misogyny in hip hop music instills and perpetuates negative stereotypes about women. It can range from innuendos to stereotypical characterizations and defamations. Overt misogyny in rap and hip hop music emerged in the late 1980’s, and has since then been a feature of the music of numerous hip hop artists. Hip hop has had a considerable influence on modern popular culture, saturating mass media through music, radio broadcasts and a variety ofRead MoreRap Music Is Not The Only Type Of American Music Associated With Sex And Violence1508 Words   |  7 PagesRap music is not the only type of American music associated with sex and violence. The history of Rock’s Roll for example, is a good example. The same arrangements, with white people at the top, uplifted an entire American generation on sex and violence in other types of music. Now they are doing the same with rap music (Roberts, 1994). Rappers have thus been forced to abandon the stated goal of their humble beginning to conform to the marketable aspects of their crafts. (Rebollo-Gil Moras, 2012)

Culture Is An Essential Part Of Our Life - 1385 Words

What you do is a part of culture, indeed everything you do comes from your cultural inheritance. Mark Pagel, who is the author of the book Wired for Culture explains the evolution of humans and what makes us different from rest of the animals. Culture is an essential part of our life; however, culture is not something most people refer to as a source of evolvement. It is fascinating how we follow cultural system everyday to live and adapt into new societies. We are born with a culture which is being inserted in us from our birth, whether it is from our parents or guardians. Mark Pagel explains his idea of how culture has allowed us â€Å"to transmit knowledge down to the generations† which is why we are different from animals who have close†¦show more content†¦Culture teaches us how to adapt, behave, live and so on. In the book Wired for Culture, Pagel explains that culture has a great hand in human evolution as suppose to genes. Culture has taken some steps forward towards our evolvement where then â€Å". . people worked together, customs and systems of beliefs arose, ideas, skills, and technologies were shared, language evolved and dance, music and art appeared.† (1 and 2). Our identity lies in the heart of our culture. An individual’s uniqueness comes from his/her culture and gives one the potential to fit in communities with different people and their different cultural background. The heirloom of cultures is significant to what makes us who we are today. It gives us the sense of background we belong in and the language, traditions, behavior, symbols we practice. For example, we Tibetans have lost our land; however, we still have our culture which is being inherited down to generations to generations. The inheritance of culture keeps Tibetans alive in the world. We have language, symbols, arts, traditions, values, beliefs, norms and everything an individual needs to survive. If it were not for our culture, then there would not be a possibility of proving that Tibetans are different from Chinese or any other Asian countries. The Tibetan culture has given me an identification of being different from other cultures and having my own cultural backg round. Culture should never be

Deception Point Page 74 Free Essays

â€Å"Smart people like yourself don’t have the luxury of playing stupid, Dr. Harper. You’re in trouble, and the senator sent me up here to offer you a deal. We will write a custom essay sample on Deception Point Page 74 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The senator’s campaign took a huge hit tonight. He’s got nothing left to lose, and he’s ready to take you down with him if he needs to.† â€Å"What the devil are you talking about?† Gabrielle took a deep breath and made her play. â€Å"You lied in your press conference about the PODS anomaly-detection software. We know that. A lot of people know that. That’s not the issue.† Before Harper could open his mouth to argue, Gabrielle steamed onward. â€Å"The senator could blow the whistle on your lies right now, but he’s not interested. He’s interested in the bigger story. I think you know what I’m talking about.† â€Å"No, I-â€Å" â€Å"Here’s the senator’s offer. He’ll keep his mouth shut about your software lies if you give him the name of the top NASA executive with whom you’re embezzling funds.† Chris Harper’s eyes seemed to cross for a moment. â€Å"What? I’m not embezzling!† â€Å"I suggest you watch what you say, sir. The senatorial committee has been collecting documentation for months now. Did you really think you two would slip by undetected? Doctoring PODS paperwork and redirecting allocated NASA funds to private accounts? Lying and embezzling can put you in jail, Dr. Harper.† â€Å"I did no such thing!† â€Å"You’re saying you didn’t lie about PODS?† â€Å"No, I’m saying I bloody well didn’t embezzle money!† â€Å"So, you’re saying you did lie about PODS.† Harper stared, clearly at a loss for words. â€Å"Forget about the lying,† Gabrielle said, waving it off. â€Å"Senator Sexton is not interested in the issue of your lying in a press conference. We’re used to that. You guys found a meteorite, nobody cares how you did it. The issue for him is the embezzlement. He needs to take down someone high in NASA. Just tell him who you’re working with, and he’ll steer the investigation clear of you entirely. You can make it easy and tell us who the other person is, or the senator will make it ugly and start talking about anomaly-detection software and phony work-arounds.† â€Å"You’re bluffing. There are no embezzled funds.† â€Å"You’re an awful liar, Dr. Harper. I’ve seen the documentation. Your name is on all the incriminating paperwork. Over and over.† â€Å"I swear I know nothing about any embezzlement!† Gabrielle let out a disappointed sigh. â€Å"Put yourself in my position, Dr. Harper. I can only draw two conclusions here. Either you’re lying to me, the same way you lied in that press conference. Or you’re telling the truth, and someone powerful in the agency is setting you up as a fall guy for his own misdealings.† The proposition seemed to give Harper pause. Gabrielle checked her watch. â€Å"The senator’s deal is on the table for an hour. You can save yourself by giving him the name of the NASA exec with whom you’re embezzling taxpayers’ money. He doesn’t care about you. He wants the big fish. Obviously the individual in question has some power here at NASA; he or she has managed to keep his or her identity off the paper trail, allowing you to be the fall guy.† Harper shook his head. â€Å"You’re lying.† â€Å"Would you like to tell that to a court?† â€Å"Sure. I’ll deny the whole thing.† â€Å"Under oath?† Gabrielle grunted in disgust. â€Å"Suppose you’ll also deny you lied about fixing the PODS software?† Gabrielle’s heart was pounding as she stared straight into the man’s eyes. â€Å"Think carefully about your options here, Dr. Harper. American prisons can be most unpleasant.† Harper glared back, and Gabrielle willed him to fold. For a moment she thought she saw a glimmer of surrender, but when Harper spoke, his voice was like steel. â€Å"Ms. Ashe,† he declared, anger simmering in his eyes, â€Å"you are clutching at thin air. You and I both know there is no embezzlement going on at NASA. The only liar in this room is you.† Gabrielle felt her muscles go rigid. The man’s gaze was angry and sharp. She wanted to turn and run. You tried to bluff a rocket scientist. What the hell did you expect? She forced herself to hold her head high. â€Å"All I know,† she said, feigning utter confidence and indifference to his position, â€Å"is the incriminating documents I’ve seen-conclusive evidence that you and another are embezzling NASA funds. The senator simply asked me to come here tonight and offer you the option of giving up your partner instead of facing the inquiry alone. I will tell the senator you prefer to take your chances with a judge. You can tell the court what you told me-you’re not embezzling funds and you didn’t lie about the PODS software.† She gave a grim smile. â€Å"But after that lame press conference you gave two weeks ago, somehow I doubt it.† Gabrielle spun on her heel and strode across the darkened PODS laboratory. She wondered if maybe sheâ €™d be seeing the inside of a prison instead of Harper. Gabrielle held her head high as she walked off, waiting for Harper to call her back. Silence. She pushed her way through the metal doors and strode out into the hallway, hoping the elevators up here were not key-card operated like the lobby. She’d lost. Despite her best efforts, Harper wasn’t biting. Maybe he was telling the truth in his PODS press conference, Gabrielle thought. A crash resounded down the hall as the metal doors behind her burst open. â€Å"Ms. Ashe,† Harper’s voice called out. â€Å"I swear I know nothing about any embezzlement. I’m an honest man!† Gabrielle felt her heart skip a beat. She forced herself to keep walking. She gave a casual shrug and called out over her shoulder. â€Å"And yet you lied in your press conference.† Silence. Gabrielle kept moving down the hallway. â€Å"Hold on!† Harper yelled. He came jogging up beside her, his face pale. â€Å"This embezzlement thing,† he said, lowering his voice. â€Å"I think I know who set me up.† Gabrielle stopped dead in her tracks, wondering if she had heard him correctly. She turned as slowly and casually as she could. â€Å"You expect me to believe someone is setting you up?† Harper sighed. â€Å"I swear I know nothing about embezzlement. But if there’s evidence against me†¦ â€Å" â€Å"Mounds of it.† Harper sighed. â€Å"Then it’s all been planted. To discredit me if need be. And there’s only one person who would have done that.† â€Å"Who?† Harper looked her in the eye. â€Å"Lawrence Ekstrom hates me.† Gabrielle was stunned. â€Å"The administrator of NASA?† Harper gave a grim nod. â€Å"He’s the one who forced me to lie in that press conference.† 88 Even with the Aurora aircraft’s misted-methane propulsion system at half power, the Delta Force was hurtling through the night at three times the speed of sound-over two thousand miles an hour. The repetitive throb of the Pulse Detonation Wave Engines behind them gave the ride a hypnotic rhythm. A hundred feet below, the ocean churned wildly, whipped up by the Aurora’s vacuum wake, which sucked fifty-foot rooster tails skyward in long parallel sheets behind the plane. This is the reason the SR-71 Blackbird was retired, Delta-One thought. The Aurora was one of those secret aircraft that nobody was supposed to know existed, but everyone did. Even the Discovery channel had covered Aurora and its testing out at Groom Lake in Nevada. Whether the security leaks had come from the repeated â€Å"skyquakes† heard as far away as Los Angeles, or the unfortunate eyewitness sighting by a North Sea oil-rig driller, or the administrative gaffe that left a description of Aurora in a public copy of the Pentagon budget, nobody would ever know. It hardly mattered. The word was out: The U.S. military had a plane capable of Mach 6 flight, and it was no longer on the drawing board. It was in the skies overhead. How to cite Deception Point Page 74, Essay examples

The Salem Witch Trials A Research Paper Essay Example For Students

The Salem Witch Trials A Research Paper Essay Why do you hurt these children?I do not hurt them. I scorn it.Have you made no contract with the devil? No!Mr. John Hathorn, a Judge involved in the witchcraft case of Sarah Good, then asked all of the afflicted children to look upon her and see if this was the person that had hurt them so. They all gazed at Goody Good and said that this was the person that tormented thempresently they were all tormented. Puritanical beliefs had all of Salem truly believing that witches rode on broomsticks across the sky every night alongside the devil himself. They believed that these mere humans could send their specter out and haunt the children of their town. Proof of their belief follows, in an excerpt from Cotton Mathers Memorable Providences:Go tell Mankind, that there are Devils and Witches; and that tho those night-birds least appear where the Day-light of the Gospel comes, yet New-Engl. has had Exemples of their Existence and Operation; and that no only the Wigwams of Indians, where the pagan Powaws often raise their masters, in the shapes of Bears and Snakes and Fires, but the House of Christians, where our God has had his constant Worship, have undergone the Annoyance of Evil spirits. Go tell the world, What Prays can do beyond all Devils and Witches, and What it is that these Monsters love to do; and through the Demons in the Audience of several standers-by threatned much disgrace to thy Author, if he let thee come abroad, yet venture That, and in this way seek a just Revenge on Them for the Disturbance they have given to such as have called on the Name of God.Rebecca NurseGoody Nurse was a highly regarded, pious pillar of the community who unfortunately could not withstand the power of hysteria. We will write a custom essay on The Salem Witch Trials A Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now There were many reasons that Rebecca was accused, but it was mostly the hatred exhibited towards her by the Putnam family. She was against Samuel Parris as Reverend of the Salem Town Church, while the Putnam family was his friend, and her husband was at war with the Putnam family estate over some land. Rebecca exuded a saint-like presence over the dark days of the witch-hunt. After her accusation, thirty-nine of the most prominent leaders of the community signed a petition attesting to Rebeccas goodness of heart. Even one of her original accusers, Jonathan Putnam, put his name to the appeal. During her trial, Sarah Holton testified that Goody Nurse killed her husband, Benjamin, because she found his pigs in her field. In actuality, Benjamin Holton died of a heart attack three years after the pig incident. In further evidence against Nurse, Ann Putnam, Sr., whom we have already established as being unfairly biased, testified before the court. She claimed that apparitions of Goody Nurse came to her and choked her in the night while the spirit proclaimed all of the people she had killed (the list incidentally included Benjamin Holton).Fortunately, the speculative evidence against Rebecca Nurse was not substantial enough to convict her; on June 30, the jury came back with a verdict of not guilty. The afflicted children broke out in tantrums and hideous screaming fits and Chief Justice Stoughton urged the jury to reconsider. They came back with a decision of guilty. As if this was not punishment enough, Nurse was excommunicated from her church on July 3. This proved to be most devastating to a God-fearing, pious woman. Goody Nurse, at age 71, was executed on July 19, 1692.Sarah GoodSarah Good fit the ultimate stereotype of a witch: the lonely beggar, fed up with society, arguing with anyone that would not give his or her charity. She was destined to be accused; it was only a matter of time before an accused witch, Tituba, would sacrifice her soul for her life. .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a , .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a .postImageUrl , .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a , .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a:hover , .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a:visited , .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a:active { border:0!important; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a:active , .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udbe3387500e3bb001f2c7f239873a18a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nelson Mandela Essay Tituba confessed to being a witch and named Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne as fellow witches.During her trial, as can be imagined many people came forward to testify against Good. Seven people testified against her general attitude; however, the most detrimental to Good was the examination of her own daughter, who confessed herself and mother as being witches. Susannah Sheldon . The Salem Witch Trials A Research Paper Essay Example For Students The Salem Witch Trials A Research Paper Essay Why do you hurt these children?I do not hurt them. I scorn it.Have you made no contract with the devil? No!Mr. John Hathorn, a Judge involved in the witchcraft case of Sarah Good, then asked all of the afflicted children to look upon her and see if this was the person that had hurt them so. They all gazed at Goody Good and said that this was the person that tormented thempresently they were all tormented. Puritanical beliefs had all of Salem truly believing that witches rode on broomsticks across the sky every night alongside the devil himself. They believed that these mere humans could send their specter out and haunt the children of their town. Proof of their belief follows, in an excerpt from Cotton Mathers Memorable Providences:Go tell Mankind, that there are Devils and Witches; and that tho those night-birds least appear where the Day-light of the Gospel comes, yet New-Engl. has had Exemples of their Existence and Operation; and that no only the Wigwams of Indians, where the pagan Powaws often raise their masters, in the shapes of Bears and Snakes and Fires, but the House of Christians, where our God has had his constant Worship, have undergone the Annoyance of Evil spirits. Go tell the world, What Prays can do beyond all Devils and Witches, and What it is that these Monsters love to do; and through the Demons in the Audience of several standers-by threatned much disgrace to thy Author, if he let thee come abroad, yet venture That, and in this way seek a just Revenge on Them for the Disturbance they have given to such as have called on the Name of God.Rebecca NurseGoody Nurse was a highly regarded, pious pillar of the community who unfortunately could not withstand the power of hysteria. We will write a custom essay on The Salem Witch Trials A Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now There were many reasons that Rebecca was accused, but it was mostly the hatred exhibited towards her by the Putnam family. She was against Samuel Parris as Reverend of the Salem Town Church, while the Putnam family was his friend, and her husband was at war with the Putnam family estate over some land. Rebecca exuded a saint-like presence over the dark days of the witch-hunt. After her accusation, thirty-nine of the most prominent leaders of the community signed a petition attesting to Rebeccas goodness of heart. Even one of her original accusers, Jonathan Putnam, put his name to the appeal. During her trial, Sarah Holton testified that Goody Nurse killed her husband, Benjamin, because she found his pigs in her field. In actuality, Benjamin Holton died of a heart attack three years after the pig incident. In further evidence against Nurse, Ann Putnam, Sr., whom we have already established as being unfairly biased, testified before the court. She claimed that apparitions of Goody Nurse came to her and choked her in the night while the spirit proclaimed all of the people she had killed (the list incidentally included Benjamin Holton).Fortunately, the speculative evidence against Rebecca Nurse was not substantial enough to convict her; on June 30, the jury came back with a verdict of not guilty. The afflicted children broke out in tantrums and hideous screaming fits and Chief Justice Stoughton urged the jury to reconsider. They came back with a decision of guilty. As if this was not punishment enough, Nurse was excommunicated from her church on July 3. This proved to be most devastating to a God-fearing, pious woman. Goody Nurse, at age 71, was executed on July 19, 1692.Sarah GoodSarah Good fit the ultimate stereotype of a witch: the lonely beggar, fed up with society, arguing with anyone that would not give his or her charity. She was destined to be accused; it was only a matter of time before an accused witch, Tituba, would sacrifice her soul for her life. .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a , .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a .postImageUrl , .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a , .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a:hover , .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a:visited , .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a:active { border:0!important; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a:active , .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9873dc52d1d4ce19677626414feb072a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: An Overview Of The Emirates Airline Commerce Essay Tituba confessed to being a witch and named Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne as fellow witches.During her trial, as can be imagined many people came forward to testify against Good. Seven people testified against her general attitude; however, the most detrimental to Good was the examination of her own daughter, who confessed herself and mother as being witches. Susannah Sheldon .

puritanism and Romantism essays

puritanism and Romantism essays Puritan moral teachings in American Romanticism Abstract: Under the influence of American Puritanism, American Romanticism favors Christian moral teachings. Puritan notions as self-restraint, sin and salvation weigh greatly and serve as Romantic authors ¡Ã‚ ¯ moral measurement. Taken as a specific example, American leading Romantic Nathaniel Hawthorn can illustrate this impact explicitly. Special emphasis will be put on his novel the Scarlet Letter. A brief biographical introduction about the author can help to know where his Puritan thinking pattern comes from. In his masterpiece the Scarlet Letter, Hawthorn shows his belief in original sin and redeem through professions and painful life, which is obviously from Puritan sources. Other works are also to be mentioned in a combined effort with former text to strengthen the central ideal. Keywords: Puritanism, Romanticism, moral teachings, self, sin, salvation, Nathaniel Hawthorn, the Scarlet Letter 1.1. Source and characteristics of American Romanticism. Early in the nineteenth century, the attitudes of America ¡Ã‚ ¯s writers were shaped by their New World environment and an array of ideas inherited from the romantic traditions of Europe. A new American Romantic was pluralistic; yet it frequently shared certain general characteristics: moral enthusiasm, faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, and a presumption that the natural world was a source of goodness and man ¡Ã‚ ¯s societies a source of corruption. (ÃŽÃŽÂ °ÃƒË†ÃƒÅ 199054) 1.2. American Puritanism moral teachings that have influenced American Romanticism. Puritan doctrine taught that all men are totally depraved and require constant self-examination to see that they are sinners and unworthy of God's Grace. Because man had broken the Covenant of Works when Adam had eaten from the Tree of Knowledge, God offered a new covenant to Abraham's people who held that election to Heave...

Thesis Topics

Thesis Topics Thesis Topics Thesis Topics The essential part of the Master's and Doctoral students is to complete a thesis. But to find a potential thesis topic is rather difficult task. The following thesis writing tips will help you during your thesis writing. A thesis topic must grow from your own energies and interests. Start thesis writing with something you are familiar with or what you are interested, you should defined your general area of interest. Think about your hobbies, some efforts you have taken part in, etc. You also may write your thesis by means of elaborations or expansions of your successful junior papers. Before writing a thesis think about your earlier junior papers you have written in your previous courses. Finding a topic within an area of interest is more difficult. Your topic should be formulated as a question. But the questions can't be too broad, because a thesis's topic must have focus. It also doesn't mean that it should be too narrow because the goal of a good thesis is to express thoughts of g eneral importance through detailed analysis of a specific case or cases. Because the purpose of this process is to formulate provoke question, the best way to uncover topics in your area of interest is to begin posing questions. Read relative issues and literature to your topic. If your topic seems too broad, this reading will give you some ideas how to narrow your topic. If your question is too narrow, a selection of articles and books can lead you to the general concerns that relate to your interest. Parts of a Thesis Some research projects involve a practical component of experimentation, research in libraries which includes designing the methodology, then analyzing and reporting on the findings in the thesis document. Your plans would need to cover undertaking your research study, analyzing results, writing a preliminary paper on the project, doing further research with further analysis and publication, writing and submitting the thesis, and so on. These are important stages but you should also be thinking further ahead. It is important to keep in mind the final thesis structure and the time line for completing individual chapters. The presentation of thesis follows a standard order. Here is a list to help you during preparation: Preliminary material Title page Acknowledgments Dedication Table of contents Abstract or summary Glossary Preface Substantive material Introduction Literature review Other chapters Conclusion Final sections Bibliography Appendices References CUSTOM THESIS You are welcome to order custom thesis writing service at and professional writer will assist you with project completion.   We guarantee high quality and timely delivery.

Don Quixote by Miguel De Cervantes Research Paper

Don Quixote by Miguel De Cervantes - Research Paper Example But as he went along, it became a highly entertaining and wonderful story, â€Å"quite as adventurous as any old –time romance, full of humor , abounding in wisdom an the very day things of life ,and to a certain extend ,of human nature â€Å" (N L Carrington). The theme of this novel is the tragedy that befalls those who are incapable of realizing the change of times and stick on the values and manners of a bygone era . The story which is a panorama of captivating events embodies the life, manners and milieu of medieval Europe which even at the time of his writing were outdated. The name of the book in Spanish is â€Å"E1 Ingeniso hidaldo Don Quixote de la mancha†. The hero Alonso Quixado belonging to place called La Mancha is a member of the lower nobility.(hidaldo) .He is tall and lean, about fifty years old , with cheeks that appeared to be kissing each other on the inside of his mouth, a neck half-yard long . Books of chivalry and adventure, which became very com mon in the fifteenth century, had been his obsession. Innumerable such books he has read with relish and enthusiasm. As a result, his mind is steeped in gripping accounts of enchantments, battles, challenges, wooing and agonies. He has thus lost his sanity. He fancies that he can make himself a knight errant and roam the world in full armor, righting every kind of wrong and exposing himself to peril, thus he will reap eternal renown’s as the undoer of injustice, the protector of damsels, the terror of giants and the winner of battles. In the book Don Quixote he himself says â€Å"I know I’m capable of ...of being all the Twelve Peers of France, and all the Nine Worthies as well, for my exploits will be far greater than all deeds they have done all together and each by myself† The novel is a highly amusing account of how this strange hero living in a make-believe world of medieval romance and adventure tries to make good this boast. The first thing he does is to change his name in keeping with the glorified office of a knight. The pedestrian Quixado thus becomes (Don Quixote of La Mancha, â€Å"Don ‘being the title reserved for the highly sophisticated and upper class in society, equivalent to ‘Sir’ In English. A knight was expected to have chivalric lady love. And he gallantly chooses a sturdy farm –lass, to whom he was never uttered a word, and gives her the name Dulceniadel Toboso. The next requirement was a mighty steed. A white but sickly and lean horse he manages to get from his family stable, and renames it Rocinate. A Set of ancient metal armor, helmet, sword and spear he is able to get from a dark room in his house and this serves as his knightly equipment. The armor and helmet are too large and heavy for his lean and lank body. But It is with supreme satisfaction that he whereas the armor and wields the weapons although the onlookers find him totally grotesque and funny. His knightly pose is complete onl y when he takes with him, as his squire or assistant, Sancho Panza, a stupid fat and short farmer from the neighboring village, According to stories of chivalry, the squire is to follow the knight –errant on another horse, but as they fail to secure a horse, Sancho Panza rides on a donkey. Don Quixote gives Sancho all kinds of promises including that of the governorship of a newly conquered island, and the foolish squire believes in all that completely. The ludicrous situations created by this pair going out in search of adventures are of unending interest

Identifying a discourse's significance and problem Essay

Identifying a discourse's significance and problem - Essay Example onveyed in a powerful way by linking it with the story of the protagonist lion cub that grows into a lion and realizes what happens when the hyenas take over and kill all the animals. In the film, â€Å"Lion King† King Mustafa refers to the valley as the â€Å"Circle of Life† which is significant for the cause of preservation of animal life. The incidents that occur later in the story when Scar lets the hyenas loose on pride land demonstrates the disastrous results when animals are used for selfish purposes and when their lives are not preserved. This is an important message that only serves to emphasize how important it is that animals should be made to suffer, neither should they be used indiscriminately for man’s benefit, as in the entertainment industry and in scientific experiments – where they are put through pain and suffering. Killing animals is also likely to disturb the Circle of life and the delicate ecological balance that exists. This is the real problem the film addresses with its underlying message - the cruel and indiscriminate killing of animals. The film applies subtle persuasion as far as the viewer is concerned, highlighting the importance of preservation of the life of animals in order to ensure that the various species of the earth are protected. The text of the film supports the message against indiscriminate killing of animals, mostly through the stark desolation it portrays of the land when most of the animals in it have been destroyed. This is an important message in the modern day context, when man is indiscriminately destroying animals and subjecting them to cruel and inhuman treatment. As the film portrays, there is a delicate balance in nature, where different species co-exist harmoniously together. Pride Land as it existed was a place where there was a productive earth and happy animals because none was subjected to cruel degrading treatment. The film also provides a resolution for the problem. After highlighting the devastation

The Final Conversation in A Dolls House :: Dolls House essays

The Final Conversation in A Doll's House The final scene of A Doll's House is one of the most famous and hotly debated moments in modern drama, endlessly argued about. I make no attempt here to account for all the complexities of this fascinating scene, but once again I'd like to offer some observations to fuel further discussion. Torvald's behaviour once he reads Krogstad's letter totally demolishes the illusion Nora has taken refuge in, and the lectures he delivers to Nora at the start of the scene remind us unmistakably of what a total social prig he is, determined to salvage what he can by deception and very angry at Nora for what she has done. We are right to find what he says very offensive, especially since he makes no sympathetic attempt to talk to her, to explore her motivation, to share the crisis together as two individuals at a critical point in their lives together. [Naturally, the staging of the first part of this scene is absolutely crucial for shaping our response to what happens later. If, for example, Torvald's angry abuse leads him to hit Nora, the impact of his tirade will be very different indeed from what it would be if we sense a genuine pain and panic under his insults, if it deflates him rather than energizing him to violence against her] At the same time, we need to recognize that much of what Torvald says is right. If this gets out, he will be ruined. We know enough about his society to understand that the slightest accusation of criminal conduct will destroy them both (and that, we know, is so much more than just losing a job). And we have seen that for Torvald his social role is who he is, his entire identity. He has no conception of himself outside that role. So, in effect, Nora has, in his eyes, destroyed him. We may deplore the shallowness of his character, but we should not dismiss the intensity of his feelings or the accuracy of his perception of how society will react. Everything he believes in is in danger of being taken away. And that's why, once the danger has passed, he can instantly become himself again: his identity has been restored. So when he utters (and keeps repeating) that line which so often earns a laugh in the modern theatre ("I forgive you everything") he is making (in his eyes) a sincere concession.

Emily’s Refusal to Allow Change in Her Life in “A Rose for Emily”

â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is a short story written by William Faulkner, an American author. Uniquely narrated in the first person perspective with the use of we, â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is a story about a woman named Emily who had a strong attachment or dependence on her father. It seemed time stopped when her father died that contributed to Emily’s refusal to see and accept change.She experienced true aristocracy with her father who ruled her life and constructed a different reality for her. He let her believe that she is different from anybody else and that no man truly deserves her. Her father’s restrictions towards her and her social roles dominated her life even after her father’s death. Thus, in this short story, Faulkner highlights that social roles restrict an individual to manifest his or her true self, constraining rather than liberating her.As Faulkner used the pronoun â€Å"we,† it can be inferred that the narrator is some of the to wnspeople sympathizing with Emily. By means of flashbacking, the narrator presents well-structured and detailed events of Emily’s life that can provide a deeper understanding of why there is pride and isolation in her character.The story begins with Emily’s death at the age of 74 and flashes back to the near distant past of Emily’s life. Emily is a spinster perceived as a lonely woman who is so attached to the traditions and aristocracy of the past to the extent that she cannot accept change.She shuts herself to the world and continually personifies the past until her death. Even with the emergence of materialism and when aristocracy was no longer a trend, Emily constantly believes that she would still be respected. This makes her a grotesque or unique personality in the setting that encourages the townspeople to analyze her life.Emily’s father who represents the ruling class of the South contributed most to her arrogant personality. Emily was raised in a n upper class home which made them prominent in the community. Hence, she perceived herself as rich and powerful, and their position in the community had unconsciously taught her to hold herself high from the surrounding people even after her father’s death.As time passed by, perspective about class and status changed. People accepted the changes of time and ideas. However, Emily, who was a complex and well-developed character, chose not to adapt because of the social roles she grew up with. Thus, the story illustrates that privilege and aristocracy can sometimes be a prison.The Negro who was an obedient gardener and cook and who provided Emily’s basic and practical needs is also symbolic in the story. This man connected Emily outside her small world. Yet, he isolated himself from the community for fear that he may disclose something about Emily that will disdain his loyalty.Thus, the Negro unconsciously killed her relationship with the world outside and supported Emil y’s violence against herself.   The Negro somehow fed Emily’s perception towards herself. The Negro, whom Emily had control over encourage Emily’s role in the society as aristocratic.The rose in the story represents affection. It is the affection given by the narrator to Emily. Other people may perceive Emily’s pride and violence as something immoral, but the narrator’s point of view towards Emily is different. He clearly sympathizes with Emily and understands the reason behind Emily’s arrogance. The narrator justifies her actions through presenting series of events about her past. She was a victim of bitterness and complete attachment.The community itself during her father’s time constructed a different reality for her that caused her to become so confident. The rose in the story may also signify Emily’s love for Homer. It represents the soft side of Emily which the outside world cannot see. She was perceived by the people a s scandalous and proud. Yet, like any other person, Emily needs love and affection. Her love was violent and harsh though which represents the thorns of the rose.

Beyond The Northlands The Vikings And Their World

1171 Beyond the Northlands: the Vikings and their World Eleanor Barraclough Word Count: 1941 Compare and contrast the Frankish annals AND the Irish annals as sources for Viking history. Considerable difference and similarity can be observed in the records of the Vikings and the different peoples that they interacted with. This largely has to do with geography, as the landscape of Viking Age Norway, Denmark, and Sweden were divided and rugged; this lead to various groups of people vying for power. When a person or group lost a power struggle, they would often use the waterways of the North Sea to gain access to potential raiding lands. The seafaring technological advances of previous centuries enabled interaction between the raiders of Sweden, Norway and Denmark and the peoples of Ireland and the Carolingian Empire. Because of the technological advances and geographical situation, the Viking raiders were able to interact with many different peoples but also come from the same fundamental background. This caused a multitude of similarities between the Viking activity in the Carolingian Empire and Ireland, but there were also many differences. Due to the fact that the Carolingian Empire and Ireland were both Christianized by the time of the Viking Age, both countries utilized writing to describe their interactions with the Vikings. While both countries annals have resemblances - such as raids and plundering leading to settlement - they also have considerable differences.

Epic Of Gilgamesh Analysis - 984 Words

In the â€Å"Epic of Gilgamesh†, it is easy to conclude that Gilgamesh, the protagonist of the story, is the hero. In â€Å"Like Mayflies in a Stream†, Gilgamesh is merely a scary person who appears in the story here or there rather than being the protagonist. Instead, Shamhat is the main person that the story focuses on, but the book is imprecise on one hero of the entire story. There are numerous characters that could reflect hero aspects such as going on a quest, having another to help guide them, or facing trials. Personally, I believe that there is no true hero in this story due to the nature that Shamhat is a woman, who were represented badly during this time, and that Shauna Roberts did not want to misrepresent the epic due to extreme†¦show more content†¦This singular word, â€Å"only†, immediately tells us as a reader that they are looked down upon, are not as good as men, and are not as important to society. Along with this, many people call Sh amhat a whore when her pregnant stomach begins to show. Women, and girls for that matter, as Nameshda was only 13, were raped by Gilgamesh. Shamhat is the older sister in her family, yet her younger brother Geshtu gets to make all of the decisions for the family. The scenarios in this book are contemplative of how women are viewed and treated compared to the men of society. Patriarchy is correct by their standards, and having women in any sort of important role is almost nonexistent. Due to this condescending view, we can understand why it would be difficult to have Shamhat as the hero in this story. If men are the superior ones, wouldn’t it make sense to have a man as the hero? In the event that a woman was a hero in this story, it may make readers predict that the entire society will change their outlook on women by the end of the story. On the other hand, others may think that Roberts was trying too hard to modernize this epic. With this issue, Roberts could fear that crea ting this story with a female hero may be too contemporary and take away from the true epic. She already modernized the book somewhat by adding in a love triangle and happily-ever-after ending. Adding a female hero may just completelyShow MoreRelatedThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And Analysis1436 Words   |  6 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh –Summary and analysis Introduction The Epic of Gilgamesh is an excerpt of the original text of the Epic listed in the Sources of the Western Tradition, 5th edition, by Perry, Peden and Von Laue (2003). The Epic of Gilgamesh is the story of King Gilgamesh who is the powerful king of Uruk, the incidents in his life, the associations he makes, the encounters he has, and the transition that occurs in his life in relation to his gainingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 1647 Words   |  7 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh is a story of heroes fighting a war not in a battlefield but within their own selves and amongst each other, struggling with their own emotions and attributions to attain the best version of themselves and to fulfill the utmost quest of life. 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A comparison of the literary elements show several similarities that lead many religious and cultural scholars, as well as historians to contend that the accounts in the Old Testaments were derived from the Gilgamesh. The Epic of Gilgamesh and Bible were both written as sources o f moral messages for religious practices and guidesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 1311 Words   |  6 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh is a very popular epic that is difficult to understand at first, which is why there is different translations of the same book. Although Foster and Sander’s translations have a lot of similar words and the stories are basically the same, there are also a lot of differences between the two. One of which is more straightforward and easier to understand, whereas the other is more of an in depth thoughtful read for the reader. 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The only difference with Gilgamesh is he is one part deity and two parts human. Over the coarse of the Epic we see Gilgamesh’s demeanor change to a more humble one. This change can be attributed to the trialsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 738 Words   |  3 PagesBaily Broussard Mr. Guidry World History 4 December 2015 The Epic of Gilgamesh In The Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh terrorizes the people or Uruk. Because of this, they call out to the sky god Anu for help. Anu decides to turn to the goddess of creation, Aruru whom makes an equal for Gilgamesh. Aruru created Enkidu to be just like Gilgamesh and for them to contend together and leave Uruk in quiet. When Gilgamesh got up and went to the house of a bride waiting for the bridegroom, Enkidu stepped outRead MoreAnalysis Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh 1284 Words   |  6 PagesPerhaps one of the earliest pieces of literature, The Epic of Gilgamesh is a tale about a Mesopotamian king named Gilgamesh who crudely dominates the natural world surrounding his gleaming society. Juxtaposing Gilgamesh’s godlike stature, Enkidu is a wild beast used to counterbalance the king in a literary sense. The hierarchical dichotomy expressed in the epic has appeared thematically within numerous mediums, including the revered artwork of Jean-Michel Basquiat. Raised in the Lower East Sid e (LES)

Kite Runner Social Divisions - 1512 Words

Joel Huff Period 2 November 19, 2010 Social Divisions Two main themes in the novel The Kite Runner are that of social class and gender roles. Everywhere that Amir, the main protagonist, turns, society is divided. From his earliest childhood memories to living in America, there always seems to be some sort of invisible line drawn between his people. There is separation between the Pashtuns and the Hazaras, between Americans and Afghans, between men and women, and between the Talibs and the people of Afghanistan. â€Å"’Afghanistan is the land of Pashtuns. It always has been, always will be. We are the true Afghans, the pure Afghans, not this Flat-Nose here. His people pollute our homeland, our wantan. They dirty our blood†¦.†¦show more content†¦Soraya, daughter of the war hero, General Taheri, was hit especially hard by this gossip, and it traveled with them to Los Angeles. Though she tells Amir about the horrible past she has, Amir still pursues marriage with her, loving her all the same. â€Å"How coul d I, of all people, chastise someone for their past?† This shows a common double standard in the Afghan culture that also exists in our culture, to an extent. â€Å"Their sons go out to nightclubs looking for meat and get their girlfriends pregnant, they have kids out of wedlock and no one says a goddamn thing. Oh, they’re just men having fun! I make one mistake and suddenly everyone is talking nang and namoos and I have to have my face rubbed in it for the rest of my life.† To add to the extremity that Afghans see this sin as, after he made Soraya come home, Soraya’s father sat her in a chair, handed her a pair of scissors, and Joel Huff-4 calmly told her to cut off all her hair. He watched while she did it, his pride hurt more than hers. Along with the distinct division of men and women even in America, there was also a class division between Americans and Afghans. While the Americans had all white-collar jobs, Afghans were given the blue-collar jobs, despite some of them being professionals back in their homeland. Amir’s father, once a rich and powerful businessman, was forced to take up odd jobs and transactions to get by. He â€Å"sold his Buick and bought aShow MoreRelatedKite Runner Essay1471 Words   |  6 PagesIn the literature, The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini, the idea and representation of justice, and its relationship to that of the treatment of women in Afghan society, the ever-changing politics of Afghanistan, and the desired results of redemption and forgiveness, become illustrated through the novel’s characters and motives. Justice can be defined as the quality of b eing guided by truth, reason, and fairness. The Kite Runner illustrates the power of influence from an outside power and its effectsRead MoreJustice in The Kite Runner Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesIn the literature, The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini, the idea and representation of justice, and its relationship to that of the treatment of women in Afghan society, the ever-changing politics of Afghanistan, and the desired results of redemption and forgiveness, become illustrated through the novel’s characters and motives. Justice can be defined as the quality of being guided by truth, reason, and fairness. The Kite Runner illustrates the power of influence from an outside power and its effectsRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1505 Words   |  7 Pagessymbol also grabs the reader’s attention which makes them think yet, keeps them in suspense at the same time. In The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, a miraculous writer that continuously throws foreshadowi ng and flashbacks at the reader, portrays the use of symbols in an extraordinary way. Therefore, In the Kite Runner symbolism is portrayed through the pomegranate tree, the flying kite and the cleft lip. One of the several symbols listed in the book is the pomegranate tree. It represents the climaxRead MoreReligion Is A Cultural System Of Behaviors, Practices, And Moral Standards1552 Words   |  7 Pagesworld views, ethics, and social organization that relate humanity to an order of existence (Dictionary). With more than 84% of the world affiliating with religion, religion permeates the fabric of our existence by it’s influence on legal systems, nation’s policies, and moral standards (Religion stats). Making up 23% of the world population, the Muslim religion is divided into two sects: Sunni and Shi’a. The separation of the Muslim religion is the longest and largest division in the history of IslamRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1621 Words   |  7 Pagesthat we wouldn’t typically have from the outside looking in. They counteract the stereotypes that outsiders procreate of something that they have never intimately experienced. Keeping that in mind, my classical nomination is the Bestseller The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini. Hosseini wrote this historical novel in 2001 while completing his residency at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California. Much of the historical content was based off his childhood experiences living in AfghanistanRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1599 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferences is what defines prejudice and discrimination. Racism, social class and ethnicity have become a never ending cycle that begins to shape the opinions of how people treat one another. 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Hintons book, The Outsiders, the main character, Ponyboy Curtis, tries to combat the social separation between the Greasers, presented as poor gang members, and the Socs, depicted as rich and out of trouble. In the bookRead MoreClass Inequality In The Kite Runner1320 Words   |  6 Pagesor ethnic group, or social status. It shouldn’t be that way, but that’s the predicament that society finds itself in. In the novel, The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini these problems are evident throughout the book. Taking place in war torn Afghanistan and the safe haven of the United States, Amir and his father Baba face the struggle of transitioning from t he upper class lifestyle in Afghanistan to the life of middle class in America. To better illustrate inequality of social classes Hosseini uses

How Can the American Legal System Free Essays

How can the American legal system, which is so devoted to protecting individual rights, justify itself morally if it jeopardizes, through its own rules, the right of law-abiding citizens to personal peace and security? Although this is a very tough subject and every one in the United States will disagree with this question but I will start out by asking it anyway â€Å" Is there any case in which the American law should put the law above the protection of its citizens? † I found that I will have to answer this question with a hard NO! Because the American government has been sworn to the duty of protecting the itizens of the United States. To answer the question for this essay I am going to refer to the 9/11/01 attacks against the United States as a whole. The United States is a free country for any one whom wants to pursue their happiness and to own their own property or even go to school if they want. We will write a custom essay sample on How Can the American Legal System or any similar topic only for you Order Now That is how this started we the people of the United States allowed those people to come over here to pursue their goals in life so they chose to go to flight school just so they would be able to use it against us (the United States). The death toll of the attacks was 2,995, including the 19 hijackers. The overwhelming majority of casualties were civilians, including nationals of over 70 countries. In addition, there is at least one secondary death – one person was ruled by a medical examiner to have died from lung disease due to exposure to dust from the World Trade Center’s collapse. (1) Now this is nothing about the billions of dollars in damage that was done to our nation. But this does go to show you that if the American government and legal system denies the people of our far United States this is just some of what other countries feel they would be able to do. To deny the people of the United States their peace and security can and does go unanswered for by the government. Although the government or American legal system may feel that this is justified by denying the people their peace and security but what of the feeling they would get without the feelings of peace and security. No I don’t feel that the American law system can justify itself what so ever for the act of denying the people their peace and security. When the American law system starts to feel that they can take our peace and security from us for the sake of protecting individual rights then this country ust doesn’t stand a chance against the countries whom wish do do us hard. So I say that no the American law system can not justify itself in morally or any other way when it comes to the people’s feelings of peace and security personal or otherwise. With out the feelings of peace and security then the people would feel out of control and therefore the country would be out of control and any one that wanted to would be able to come over here and hurt our country in any way they feel fit. Reference: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/September_11_attacks How to cite How Can the American Legal System, Papers

By Anonymous Essay Example For Students

By: Anonymous Essay FDR Franklin Delano Roosevelt is generally regarded as one of the United States most effective Presidents. Whether the accolades are entirely justified or Roosevelts effectiveness was simply a product of the time period in which he served as President will always be debated. However, one thing that no one can deny is that Roosevelt took an atypical route on his way to becoming President. Whether he was fighting an illness or coping with the death of a loved one, Roosevelt always managed to keep himself on track and to persist towards his goals and those of the country. People remember FDR for his actions during the Great Depression and World War II, but those actions were preceded by and intertwined with a tough, yet interesting, life that prepared him for his future endeavors. On January 30, 1882, Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born in Hyde Park, New York to Sara Delano and James Roosevelt (whitehouse. gov). In 1886, at the age of four, Franklin and his family permanently settled into a house in Campobello, New Brunswick, Canada, which was previously a summer getaway (Conkin 34). Two years later, Roosevelt began his formal education under a governess of Archibald and Edmund Rogers. It was here that Roosevelt learned to speak German and received the opportunity to study abroad the next year. While abroad, however, he contracted a mild case of typhoid fever, the first of a multitude of illnesses that he would battle during his life. He returned to Hyde Park in 1890, and was tutored by Miss Riensberg. On September 28 of the same year, Roosevelt began studies under a Swiss governess, Jeanne Sardoz, which lasted for two years. Sardoz taught him some of the ins and outs of the British lifestyle in addition to teaching him the French language. (Conkin 35) In 1891, Roosevelt and his family traveled to Bad Nauheim, Germany, where he studied at a German public school for a short time. Eventually, they returned to the United States where Franklin received additional personal tutoring. For the most part, Arthur Dumper was his main tutor. (Conkin 36) Clearly, Roosevelts life did not start out in typical fashion. While most children went to school to receive an education, FDR learned from a wide variety of tutors coming from very diverse nationalities and backgrounds. This diversity may have been part of the reason that Roosevelt was so successful later in life when he became President. Once he completed his years of tutoring, Roosevelt entered Groton school, where he studied under headmaster, Endicott Peabody. While at Groton, he made his first ever political speech on the topic of the Nicaragua Canal Bill. (Ginna 33) On January 17, 1898, Warren Delano II, Franklins grandfather, passed away (Eisenhower 44). True to form, Roosevelt pushed forward only two days later by delivering an address during a debate at Groton. In April, Scarlet fever struck Roosevelt badly, forcing him to leave Groton. Intent on finishing his education at the school, he returned to Groton, as soon as he was physically able, for his final year. Finally, on June 25, 1900, Roosevelt graduated from Groton and was awarded the Latin prize. (Eisenhower 45) In September of 1900, Franklin Roosevelt entered Harvard University and tried out for the football and crew teams. He did not make either team, but he was elected to be an editor of Harvards school newspaper Crimson. (Diggins 69) Unfortunately for FDR, his father passed away on December 8 after battling a long-term illness and a heart condition (Diggins 57). It seemed Roosevelt simply could not escape hardship, and this reality must have prepared him emotionally for anything that could possibly happen. A significant event happened in 1901. Theodore Roosevelt became President of the United States following the assassination of William McKinley. From this point on, Roosevelt attempted to model his career after his role model and fifth cousin, Theodore Roosevelt. (Diggins 75) Now, FDR had someone to look up to, someone to provide something tangible for him to strive for. After all, if a family member could become President of the United States, why would FDR himself not be able to? In 1903, Franklin Roosevelt began his senior year at Harvard and was elected president of the Crimson. While attending Harvard, Roosevelt engaged Miss Eleanor Roosevelt, who was Theodore Roosevelts niece. Eleanors father was actually one of Franklins godparents. (Ginna 66) In 1905, Franklin and Eleanor married and took a three month delayed honeymoon for themselves in Europe that June. The next year, in May, the couple gave birth to their first child, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt. (Asbell 99) With such a marriage, one must believe that Roosevelt dealt with a good deal of criticism. However, the couple had a very successful marriage, and they were one of the most well known couples in the world for the next 40 years. In June of 1904, Roosevelt graduated from Harvard and immediately entered the Columbia University School of Law. In 1907, Roosevelt passed the New York Bar Examination and found employment as a junior clerk at a law firm on Wall Street in New York City named Carter, Ledyard, and Milburn. Soon after, his first son, James, was born. The next year, his second son, Franklin Delano, Jr. , was born. However, the boy died the following year marking yet another dramatic setback in Roosevelts life. Two years later, they had another son, Elliott, who was born on September 23, 1910, in New York City. On November 8, the Democrats nominated Roosevelt for State Senator for New Yorks 26th District. After considerable work campaigning and marketing his name, Roosevelt was elected to the New York State Senate by a wide margin. (Eisenhower 113) Even during a hectic time in his life when he and Eleanor had three young children to care for, FDR continued to further his career and keep himself in the publics eye. In June of 1912, FDR played a minor role at the Democratic Convention in Baltimore, supporting Woodrow Wilsons nomination for the presidency. In July, he organized The Empire State Democracy with seventy other progressives to support Wilsons campaign and to oppose Tammanys domination of the state ticket. Western Ideas Impact On Civilizations Essay (Asbell 212) It would seem that this position was a major stepping-stone for Roosevelt in his quest to become President. Not only was he given a chance to implement some of his own ideas, but he was also re-acclimated to the political environment. This would prove beneficial in the coming years. FDRs Government Not Politics was published in 1932, and it may have helped him move closer towards his goal of becoming President (nscds. pvt.k12.il.us). On July 1, 1932, Roosevelt was nominated for President of the United States on the fourth ballot. He won the election on November 8, and in 1933, FDR was inaugurated. During his first Hundred Days, as the first three months have come to be known, many important events occurred under Roosevelts leadership. (Conkin 215) One act of extreme importance was the Emergency Banking Relief Act. This movement placed banks under federal control and provided for their re-opening. Also, the Economy Act was signed, which saved about $243 million. During this time, Roosevelt signed a bill establishing the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) to create employment for young men and to aid in reforestation work. Another extremely important decision was his request that Congress create a Tennessee Valley Authority, which proved to be very useful. During the Hundred Days, Roosevelt signed the Johnson-OMalley Act, which provided federal aid to states for Indian welfare. The United States also eliminated the gold standard, hence raising domestic prices. He signed the Federal Securities Act, which provided regulations to require full disclosure to investors on new securities. Lastly, he signed the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), which created todays National Recovery Administration (NRA). This supervised industrys attempt at self-regulation by establishing fair trade in competition. (Conkin 220) FDR also published another book in 1934 entitled, On the Way (nscds.pvt.k12. il.us). Roosevelts first term was very successful as he finally got a chance to implement his own ideas, and the people began to have faith in his decisions. Proof is in the fact that many people attributed the end of the Great Depression directly to Roosevelt. It is possible that because he was President when the Depression ended, some saw him as almost superhuman, and they would support any decision he made. In 1936, Roosevelt was re-elected, and on January 20, 1937, he was inaugurated once again. On March 1, he signed the Retirement Act, which removed income tax hardships from justices who retired at 70. On May 1, he signed the Neutrality Act, which gave him much power. On August 26, he signed the Revenue Act of 1937, which tried to help income taxes. Then, on December 12, Japanese planes sunk the United States gunboat, Panay on the Yangtze River. Roosevelt forced Japan to apologize and pay $2 million in reparations. (Eisenhower 200) It is almost as if everything Roosevelt tried to do, he did. He had power like no other President in the United States history. On January 20, 1941, Roosevelt became the first President of the United States to be inaugurated for the third straight term (nscds.pvt.k12. il.us). Throughout this term, the United States was involved in World War II. Roosevelts reputation as one of our greatest Presidents was taken to a new level during these years, probably due to the success that the United States had in the war, both on the European front and the Pacific front. Furthermore, the fact that life on the mainland carried on as smoothly as it did is often attributed directly to Roosevelts leadership. On January 20, 1945, Roosevelt was inaugurated for his unprecedented fourth and final term (nscds.pvt.k12. il.us). The fact that this term would be so short was obviously unknown at the time, but Roosevelt was intent on completing the war and restoring peace among the involved countries. From February 4 -11, he attended the Yalta Conference along with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Russias Premier Joseph Stalin, among others. Most decisions from this meeting were not released until after the war, but the future implementation of some of these decisions can undoubtedly be directly linked to Roosevelt. (Diggins 226) Unfortunately, Roosevelt could not complete even the first year of his final term. On April 12, 1945, he suffered a cerebral hemorrhage in Warm Springs, Georgia, and passed away. He was buried in the Rose Garden at Hyde Park on April 15. (Eisenhower 227) The end of the war later that year was a bittersweet victory for the U.S. Sure, the nation had defeated the extremely powerful Adolph Hitler and Germany, but it had also lost one of the greatest leaders in the nations history during that same year. Without question, Franklin Delano Roosevelt is seen as a superior leader and President of the United States. Many Americans, past and present, remember him as the man who saved their jobs, their homes, their farms, and their way of life when America stood at the brink of disaster during the Depression. Some even attributed the end of World War II solely to FDR. Both are statements of debate. However, what cannot be debated and must be commended is the path that Roosevelt took in becoming President and in carrying out his duties. Many hardships served as obstacles between Roosevelt and his goals. However, it seems that none of these barriers ever hindered Roosevelt from accomplishing what he wanted to accomplish. Only death could remove him from office. Likewise, only death could bring a halt to Franklin Delano Roosevelts success. Bibliography Asbell, Bernard. The FDR Memoirs. Garden City, New York: Doubleday and Company, Inc., 1974. Conkin, Paul K. FDR and the Origins of the Welfare State. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1967. Diggins, John P. The Proud Decades. New York: W and W Norton and Company, 1988. Eisenhower, Milton S. The President Is Calling. Garden City, New York: Doubleday and Company, Inc., 1974. Ginna, Robert and Robert Graff. FDR. New York: Harper and Bow Publishers, 1963. Internet. 17 March 2000. Available WWW: http://www.whitehouse.gov/WH/glimpse/presidents/html/fr32.html/ Internet. 25 March 2000. Available WWW: http://www.nscds.pvt.k12.il.us/nscds/us/apushist/roosevelt/time.html#1880 Word Count: 2933

Petroleum and Middle Indus Basin Essay Example

Petroleum and Middle Indus Basin Essay Kohat-Potwar Oil and Gas Exploration and Production The first oil well drilled in present-day Pakistan was at Kundal on the Potwar Plateau in 1866. The first commercial oil discovery was made in the Greater Indus Basin in 1914 when the Attock Oil Company completed a 214 ft well on a thrust-faulted anticline near Khaur on the Potwar Plateau (Khan and others, 1986). Early success in the Kohat-Potwar geologic province served to focus much of the early exploration activity in that area. The Sui field in the Sulaiman-Kirthar Foreland geologic province was the first discovery outside of the Kohat-Potwar geologic province and is the largest gas discovery in Pakistan, with more than 5 trillion cubic feet (TCF) of gas reserves. Discovered in 1952, the Sui field is a dome-shaped reef structure with an anticlinal surface expression. The largest reserves were found in the 625 m thick Eocene Sui Formation Sui Main Limestone Member. The Sui Upper Limestone Member and upper Eocene Habib Rahi Limestone were also productive. In 1999, Upper Cretaceous Pab Sandstone Formation gas production began at Sui field. Although exploratory wells had been previously drilled in the Middle and Lower Indus Basins, the discovery of the Sui field accelerated exploration efforts in the 1950s. More discoveries followed in that area with the Zin gas field in 1954, the Uch gas field in 1955, and the Mari gas field in 1957. Exploration activity increased again in the 1980s, when identification of a tilted fault block in the Lower Indus Basin led to the discovery of a series of oil fields. Although there have been significant oil discoveries in the Lower Indus Basin, it remains a gas-prone province. We will write a custom essay sample on Petroleum and Middle Indus Basin specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Petroleum and Middle Indus Basin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Petroleum and Middle Indus Basin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Gas discoveries that are attributed to the Sembar-Goru/Ghazij TPS have been made in Eocene, Paleocene, and Lower Cretaceous rocks on the Mari-Kandhot High in the Rajasthan Province of India. The Cambrian oil discoveries in Rajasthan, however, are beyond the extent of Sembar deposition and are either sourced by updip hydrocarbon migration from the Sembar or more likely by proximal older Mesozoic and early Paleozoic rocks. Sembar-Goru/Ghazij Composite Total Petroleum System The Sembar-Goru/Ghazij Composite Total Petroleum System (TPS) as defined for this assessment, is a north-south elongated area extending from the Potwar-Kohat geologic province in the north to the 2,000 m bathymetric contour in the Arabian Sea . The west boundary coincides with the axial belt and western edge of the Indian plate and the eastern boundary extends into India on the Indian Shield . Geochemical analyses of potential source rocks and produced oil and gas have demonstrated that the Lower Cretaceous Sembar Formation is the most likely source of oil and gas for most of the producing fields in the Indus Basin. Source Rocks While the Sembar has been identified as the primary source rock for much of the Greater Indus Basin, there are other known and potential source rocks. Rock units containing known or potential source rocks include the Salt Range Formation Eocambrian shales, Permian Dandot and Tredian Formations, Triassic Wulgai Formation, Jurassic Datta Formation, Paleocene Patala Formation, Eocene Ghazij Formation, and lower Miocene shales. Of all the possible source rocks in the Indus Basin, however, the Sembar is the most likely source for the largest portion of the produced oil and gas in the Indus foreland. In the Kohat-Potwar geologic province the Paleocene Patala Shale is the primary source rock for most, if not all of the province. In the offshore areas of the Indus geologic province, Miocene rocks are postulated to be good hydrocarbon sources, with the Sembar contributing in the shelf area. The Lower Cretaceous Sembar Formation consists mainly of shale with subordinate amounts of siltstone and sandstone. The Sembar was deposited over most of the Greater Indus Basin in marine environments and ranges in thickness from 0 to more than 260 m (Iqbal and Shah, 1980). Rock-eval pyrolysis analyses of 10 samples from the Jandran-1 well in the Sulaiman Range of the foldbelt, indicate an   most likely prove to be gas prone. verage total organic carbon content (TOC) of 1. 10 percent. The TOC values from the Sembar in two Badin area wells in the foreland portion of the Lower Indus Basin have TOC’s ranging from 0. 5 to 3. 5 percent and averaging about 1. 4 percent. A cross-plot of pyrolysis data on a modified van-Kreveln diagram study indicates that the organic matter in the Sembar is mainly type-III kerogen, capabl e of generating gas; however, additional proprietary data indicate the presence of type-II kerogen as well as type-III kerogen. With respect to the oil window (0. 6 1. 3 percent vitrinite reflectance), the Sembar ranges from thermally immature to over mature . The Sembar is more thermally mature in the western, more deeply buried part of the shelf and becomes shallower and less mature toward the eastern edge of the Indus Basin   Conclusive geochemical data supporting a Sembar source for most of the produced oil and gas in the Indus Basin are lacking; however, limited available geochemical and thermal data favor a Sembar source. To date, the only oil-productive regions in the Greater Indus Basin are the Potwar Plateau in the north and the Badin area in the Lower Indus Basin. Cross-plots of the carbon isotope ratios and the isoprenoid ratios of produced oils in these two regions are distinctly different , indicating two different source rocks. Gas content varies throughout the basin with CO2 ranging from lt; 1 percent to gt;70 percent, nitrogen lt; 1 percent to gt; 80 percent, and H2S lt; 0. percent to gt; 13 percent (IHS Energy Group, 2001). Reservoirs Productive reservoirs in the Sembar-Goru/Ghazij Composite TPS include the Cambrian Jodhpur Formation; Jurassic Chiltan, Samana Suk, and Shinawari Formations; Cretaceous Sembar, Goru, Lumshiwal, Moghal Kot, Parh, and Pab Formations; Paleocene Dungan Formation and Ranikot Group; and the Eocene Sui, Kirthar, Sakesar, Bandah, Khuiala, Nammal, and Ghazij Formations . The principal reservoirs are deltaic and shallow-marine sandstones in the lower part of the Goru in the Lower Indus Basin and the Lumshiwal Formation in the Middle Indus Basin and limestones in the Eocene Ghazij and equivalent stratigraphic units . Potential reservoirs are as thick as 400 m. Sandstone porosities are as high as 30 percent, but more commonly range from about 12 to 16 percent; and limestone porosities range from 9 to 16 percent. The permeability of these reservoirs ranges from 1 to gt; 2,000 milidarcies (md). Reservoir quality generally diminishes in a westward direction but reservoir thickness increases. Because of the progressive eastward erosion and truncation of Cretaceous rocks, the Cretaceous reservoirs all have erosional updip limits, whereas Tertiary reservoirs extend farther east overlying progressively older rocks. Traps All production in the Indus Basin is from structural traps. No stratigraphic accumulations have been identified, although the giant Sui gas field is a dome-shaped reef structure (possibly an algal mound) expressed on the surface as an anticline. The variety of structural traps includes anticlines, thrust-faulted anticlines, and tilted fault blocks. The anticlines and thrusted anticlines occur in the foreland portions of the Greater Indus Basin as a consequence of compression related to collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates. The tilted fault traps in the Lower Indus Basin are a product of extension related to rifting and the formation of horst and graben structures. The temporal relationships among trap formation and hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, migration, and entrapment are variable throughout the Greater Indus Basin. In the foreland portion, formation of structural traps pre-date hydrocarbon generation, especially in the Lower Indus Basin. In the Middle and Upper Indus Basins, traps may also have formed prior to hydrocarbon generation, although the temporal relationships between trap formation and hydrocarbon generation are not as distinct as in the Lower Indus Basin. The structural deformation in the foldbelt region is generally contemporaneous with hydrocarbon generation, suggesting that some of the hydrocarbons generated from the Sembar probably leaked to the surface prior to trap formation. Burial history reconstructions based on data from the Sakhi-Sarwar no. 1 well , located in the foreland part of the Middle Indus Basin, and the Shahdapur no. 1 well, located in the foreland part of Lower Indus Basin, indicate that hydrocarbon generation began 40 and 65 Ma, respectively . The main differences in the hydrocarbon generation times between these wells are due to large differences in the thermal gradients; the present-day thermal gradient in the Sakhi-Sarwar well is 2. 6 °C/km as opposed to 3. 3 °C/km in the Shahdapur well. We interpret the critical moments for these wells at about 15 and 50 Ma, respectively. Based on these reconstructions, trap formation may have postdated the start of hydrocarbon generation in the foreland portion of the Indus Basin. Seals The known seals in the system are composed of shales that are interbedded with and overlying the reservoirs. In producing fields, thin shale beds of variable thickness are effective seals. Additional seals that may be effective include impermeable seals above truncation traps, faults, and updip facies changes. Overburden Rock The rocks overlying the Sembar are composed of sandstone, siltstone, shale, limestone, and conglomerate. The maximum thickness of these overlying rocks is estimated to be as much as 8,500 m in the Sulaiman foredeep area . In the foredeep areas immediately adjacent to the front of the foldbelt parts of the Indus Basin, the overburden thickness ranges from 2,500 m to 6,000 m. East of the foredeep, overburden rocks thin as Cretaceous and Paleocene rocks are progressively truncated. Petroleum and Middle Indus Basin Essay Example Petroleum and Middle Indus Basin Essay Kohat-Potwar Oil and Gas Exploration and Production The first oil well drilled in present-day Pakistan was at Kundal on the Potwar Plateau in 1866. The first commercial oil discovery was made in the Greater Indus Basin in 1914 when the Attock Oil Company completed a 214 ft well on a thrust-faulted anticline near Khaur on the Potwar Plateau (Khan and others, 1986). Early success in the Kohat-Potwar geologic province served to focus much of the early exploration activity in that area. The Sui field in the Sulaiman-Kirthar Foreland geologic province was the first discovery outside of the Kohat-Potwar geologic province and is the largest gas discovery in Pakistan, with more than 5 trillion cubic feet (TCF) of gas reserves. Discovered in 1952, the Sui field is a dome-shaped reef structure with an anticlinal surface expression. The largest reserves were found in the 625 m thick Eocene Sui Formation Sui Main Limestone Member. The Sui Upper Limestone Member and upper Eocene Habib Rahi Limestone were also productive. In 1999, Upper Cretaceous Pab Sandstone Formation gas production began at Sui field. Although exploratory wells had been previously drilled in the Middle and Lower Indus Basins, the discovery of the Sui field accelerated exploration efforts in the 1950s. More discoveries followed in that area with the Zin gas field in 1954, the Uch gas field in 1955, and the Mari gas field in 1957. Exploration activity increased again in the 1980s, when identification of a tilted fault block in the Lower Indus Basin led to the discovery of a series of oil fields. Although there have been significant oil discoveries in the Lower Indus Basin, it remains a gas-prone province. We will write a custom essay sample on Petroleum and Middle Indus Basin specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Petroleum and Middle Indus Basin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Petroleum and Middle Indus Basin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Gas discoveries that are attributed to the Sembar-Goru/Ghazij TPS have been made in Eocene, Paleocene, and Lower Cretaceous rocks on the Mari-Kandhot High in the Rajasthan Province of India. The Cambrian oil discoveries in Rajasthan, however, are beyond the extent of Sembar deposition and are either sourced by updip hydrocarbon migration from the Sembar or more likely by proximal older Mesozoic and early Paleozoic rocks. Sembar-Goru/Ghazij Composite Total Petroleum System The Sembar-Goru/Ghazij Composite Total Petroleum System (TPS) as defined for this assessment, is a north-south elongated area extending from the Potwar-Kohat geologic province in the north to the 2,000 m bathymetric contour in the Arabian Sea . The west boundary coincides with the axial belt and western edge of the Indian plate and the eastern boundary extends into India on the Indian Shield . Geochemical analyses of potential source rocks and produced oil and gas have demonstrated that the Lower Cretaceous Sembar Formation is the most likely source of oil and gas for most of the producing fields in the Indus Basin. Source Rocks While the Sembar has been identified as the primary source rock for much of the Greater Indus Basin, there are other known and potential source rocks. Rock units containing known or potential source rocks include the Salt Range Formation Eocambrian shales, Permian Dandot and Tredian Formations, Triassic Wulgai Formation, Jurassic Datta Formation, Paleocene Patala Formation, Eocene Ghazij Formation, and lower Miocene shales. Of all the possible source rocks in the Indus Basin, however, the Sembar is the most likely source for the largest portion of the produced oil and gas in the Indus foreland. In the Kohat-Potwar geologic province the Paleocene Patala Shale is the primary source rock for most, if not all of the province. In the offshore areas of the Indus geologic province, Miocene rocks are postulated to be good hydrocarbon sources, with the Sembar contributing in the shelf area. The Lower Cretaceous Sembar Formation consists mainly of shale with subordinate amounts of siltstone and sandstone. The Sembar was deposited over most of the Greater Indus Basin in marine environments and ranges in thickness from 0 to more than 260 m (Iqbal and Shah, 1980). Rock-eval pyrolysis analyses of 10 samples from the Jandran-1 well in the Sulaiman Range of the foldbelt, indicate an   most likely prove to be gas prone. verage total organic carbon content (TOC) of 1. 10 percent. The TOC values from the Sembar in two Badin area wells in the foreland portion of the Lower Indus Basin have TOC’s ranging from 0. 5 to 3. 5 percent and averaging about 1. 4 percent. A cross-plot of pyrolysis data on a modified van-Kreveln diagram study indicates that the organic matter in the Sembar is mainly type-III kerogen, capabl e of generating gas; however, additional proprietary data indicate the presence of type-II kerogen as well as type-III kerogen. With respect to the oil window (0. 6 1. 3 percent vitrinite reflectance), the Sembar ranges from thermally immature to over mature . The Sembar is more thermally mature in the western, more deeply buried part of the shelf and becomes shallower and less mature toward the eastern edge of the Indus Basin   Conclusive geochemical data supporting a Sembar source for most of the produced oil and gas in the Indus Basin are lacking; however, limited available geochemical and thermal data favor a Sembar source. To date, the only oil-productive regions in the Greater Indus Basin are the Potwar Plateau in the north and the Badin area in the Lower Indus Basin. Cross-plots of the carbon isotope ratios and the isoprenoid ratios of produced oils in these two regions are distinctly different , indicating two different source rocks. Gas content varies throughout the basin with CO2 ranging from lt; 1 percent to gt;70 percent, nitrogen lt; 1 percent to gt; 80 percent, and H2S lt; 0. percent to gt; 13 percent (IHS Energy Group, 2001). Reservoirs Productive reservoirs in the Sembar-Goru/Ghazij Composite TPS include the Cambrian Jodhpur Formation; Jurassic Chiltan, Samana Suk, and Shinawari Formations; Cretaceous Sembar, Goru, Lumshiwal, Moghal Kot, Parh, and Pab Formations; Paleocene Dungan Formation and Ranikot Group; and the Eocene Sui, Kirthar, Sakesar, Bandah, Khuiala, Nammal, and Ghazij Formations . The principal reservoirs are deltaic and shallow-marine sandstones in the lower part of the Goru in the Lower Indus Basin and the Lumshiwal Formation in the Middle Indus Basin and limestones in the Eocene Ghazij and equivalent stratigraphic units . Potential reservoirs are as thick as 400 m. Sandstone porosities are as high as 30 percent, but more commonly range from about 12 to 16 percent; and limestone porosities range from 9 to 16 percent. The permeability of these reservoirs ranges from 1 to gt; 2,000 milidarcies (md). Reservoir quality generally diminishes in a westward direction but reservoir thickness increases. Because of the progressive eastward erosion and truncation of Cretaceous rocks, the Cretaceous reservoirs all have erosional updip limits, whereas Tertiary reservoirs extend farther east overlying progressively older rocks. Traps All production in the Indus Basin is from structural traps. No stratigraphic accumulations have been identified, although the giant Sui gas field is a dome-shaped reef structure (possibly an algal mound) expressed on the surface as an anticline. The variety of structural traps includes anticlines, thrust-faulted anticlines, and tilted fault blocks. The anticlines and thrusted anticlines occur in the foreland portions of the Greater Indus Basin as a consequence of compression related to collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates. The tilted fault traps in the Lower Indus Basin are a product of extension related to rifting and the formation of horst and graben structures. The temporal relationships among trap formation and hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, migration, and entrapment are variable throughout the Greater Indus Basin. In the foreland portion, formation of structural traps pre-date hydrocarbon generation, especially in the Lower Indus Basin. In the Middle and Upper Indus Basins, traps may also have formed prior to hydrocarbon generation, although the temporal relationships between trap formation and hydrocarbon generation are not as distinct as in the Lower Indus Basin. The structural deformation in the foldbelt region is generally contemporaneous with hydrocarbon generation, suggesting that some of the hydrocarbons generated from the Sembar probably leaked to the surface prior to trap formation. Burial history reconstructions based on data from the Sakhi-Sarwar no. 1 well , located in the foreland part of the Middle Indus Basin, and the Shahdapur no. 1 well, located in the foreland part of Lower Indus Basin, indicate that hydrocarbon generation began 40 and 65 Ma, respectively . The main differences in the hydrocarbon generation times between these wells are due to large differences in the thermal gradients; the present-day thermal gradient in the Sakhi-Sarwar well is 2. 6 °C/km as opposed to 3. 3 °C/km in the Shahdapur well. We interpret the critical moments for these wells at about 15 and 50 Ma, respectively. Based on these reconstructions, trap formation may have postdated the start of hydrocarbon generation in the foreland portion of the Indus Basin. Seals The known seals in the system are composed of shales that are interbedded with and overlying the reservoirs. In producing fields, thin shale beds of variable thickness are effective seals. Additional seals that may be effective include impermeable seals above truncation traps, faults, and updip facies changes. Overburden Rock The rocks overlying the Sembar are composed of sandstone, siltstone, shale, limestone, and conglomerate. The maximum thickness of these overlying rocks is estimated to be as much as 8,500 m in the Sulaiman foredeep area . In the foredeep areas immediately adjacent to the front of the foldbelt parts of the Indus Basin, the overburden thickness ranges from 2,500 m to 6,000 m. East of the foredeep, overburden rocks thin as Cretaceous and Paleocene rocks are progressively truncated.